Shatili is a breathtaking, historic highland village nestled in the Mtskheta-Mtianeti region of Georgia, near the border with Chechnya. Perched at an altitude of approximately 1,400 meters (4,593 feet) above sea level, it lies deep within the rugged Arghuni Gorge on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. Shatili is a remarkable example of ancient fortified architecture, where stone and mortar buildings, which date back to the medieval period, form a complex of fortresses and towers that served both as a residential area and a defensive structure. The village’s approximately 60 stone towers, standing terraced and interlocked, create an unbroken chain of fortifications.
The unique architecture of Shatili showcases the ingenuity of its builders. Each structure is connected by internal passageways and staircases, maximizing space and providing protection from invaders. The houses, made from locally sourced materials like crushed stone, cobblestones, and shale, feature flat roofs and terraced designs, forming a labyrinthine village that covers only about 1 hectare (2.47 acres). This architectural marvel reflects a keen understanding of the landscape's complex relief, using vertical zoning and multifunctional designs to adapt to the environment.
Shatili’s role as a fortress village was crucial for centuries, guarding the northeastern borders of Georgia from threats originating from the north. Its strategic position allowed it to oversee and protect the trade and communication routes passing through the Caucasus. Today, despite its remote location and inaccessibility during the winter months, the village remains inhabited by a handful of families, preserving its ancient charm and authenticity. The stone buildings, chapels, and communal gathering areas still stand, bearing witness to a rich cultural heritage.
Traveling to Shatili from Tbilisi takes you on a scenic journey of around 150 kilometers (93 miles), passing through picturesque landscapes like the Zhinvali Reservoir and the Aragvi River Valley. Along the way, you’ll encounter beautiful vistas such as the Datvijvari Pass, offering views that seem to stretch endlessly. The road winds through abandoned villages like Barisakho and Lebiskari, adding to the sense of stepping back in time as you approach Shatili.
Exploring Shatili offers not only captivating architecture but also a serene, timeless atmosphere. An overnight stay is highly recommended, whether camping by the Arghuni River or staying in guesthouses within the ancient towers. Don’t miss trying the local Khevsuretian khinkhali, a regional delicacy.
Shatili’s authenticity has been preserved, securing its place on UNESCO's tentative world heritage list.
